When is it NOT appropriate to provide subjects with additional information after a study?

Providing subjects with additional information after a study is an essential aspect of ethical research conduct, often referred to as debriefing. This process helps to ensure that participants fully understand their involvement in the study and the implications of the research.

The scenario in which it is not appropriate to provide additional information pertains specifically to instances where revealing certain details could compromise the integrity or purpose of the study. In the context of evaluations based on physical characteristics, subjects might undergo assessments or measurements in a way that is intentionally non-disclosive to avoid biases or influence their responses. For example, if a study is measuring reactions to physical appearance, giving additional context might change how participants behave or react, thus skewing the results.

In contrast, studies involving sensitive health topics, surveys about lifestyle choices, and drug testing usually involve the necessity to inform participants about the study's implications and findings. This is critical for ethical reasons, including the need for informed consent and respecting participants' autonomy.

Thus, the reason it is not appropriate to provide additional information after a study in the case of evaluations based on physical characteristics lies in the potential to affect the study's validity and reliability.